Preheat oven to 325 degrees. Grease the bottom and half way up the sides of a 9" springform pan. (You will need to use a springform pan for this as you will not be able to easily remove the entire cake from a regular pan once the mousse is added and chilled.)
In a large mixing bowl, add the dry ingredients (flour, cocoa powder, baking powder, baking soda, salt and sugar). Mix well with a whisk.
If not using buttermilk, then add the regular milk and lemon juice (or vinegar) in a measuring cup and mix well. Let it sit for about 5 minutes. (You're basically making a buttermilk substitute by doing this.) If the mixture starts looking a little clumpy, that's normal.
Add all the liquid ingredients (except for the hot coffee or water) to a mixing bowl and whisk well.
Pour the liquid ingredients into the dry ingredients and mix with an electric mixer on medium just until the ingredients are combined. Scrape down the sides of the bowl and mix again for about 5-10 seconds more or until well combined.
Add the hot coffee (or hot water) and mix until well combined.
Be careful not to over mix. Once it’s combined, stop mixing. You don’t want to mix for several minutes, that’s too long. Scrape down the sides of the bowl and mix again for about 5-10 seconds.
Pour the batter into the greased springform pan and bake at 325 degrees for approximately 35-40 minutes. It's helpful to put a cookie sheet on the rack below your pan just in case the springform pan doesn't seal tight and has a few leaks.
Set the baked cake on a wire rack to cool completely, then cover the cake and chill in the fridge until ready to add the chocolate mousse. Do not remove the cake from the pan yet. You can run a knife around the edge to loosen the cake a bit though.